MeSH terms Administration, Oral Animals Antidotes / pharmacology* Its use covers many areas, including as an antiseptic, disinfectant, and cyanide-antidote. (PDF) Antidote for acquired methemoglobinemia: Methylene blueAntidotes Summary • Litfl • CCC Toxicology ...Sodium Nitrite - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Cheung, Joseph Y; Wang, JuFang; Zhang, Xue-Qian et al. Studies of the efficacy and potential hazards of methylene ... Thus, methylene blue exhibits several synergistic modes of actions which enable the dose-limiting neurotoxicity of alkylating chemotherapy with ifosfamide in cancer . Yet many clinicians still do not fully understand how it works, or, for that matter, why it sometimes doesn't. Despite its long use, methylene blue has important adverse drug interactions that only recently came to light. Methylene blue | definition of methylene blue by Medical ... Thiocyanate toxicity. Which of the following does not contain an active ..."Feeling the Blues": A Case of Calcium Channel Blocker ... 3. In the human body, hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein including a ferrous atom. Severe signs and symptoms include high blood pressure and increased heart rate that lead to shock. JAMA 100, 59 (1933). Methylene blue (MB) is an effective antidote for methemoglobinemia. It is recommended that patients with methemoglobin levels >30%, high risk factors such as anemia, or symptoms at any level should be treated using methylene blue at a dose of 1-2 mg/kg body weight intravenously over 5 min. Methylene blue is an effective antidote for methemoglobinemia due to its own oxidizing properties. The inhibition by methylene blue of multiple amine oxidase activities also prevents formation of the neurotoxic chloroacetaldehyde from ifosfamide-derived chloroethyl amine. It is used as an antidote for cyanide . Methylene blue is also an antimicrobial agent in plastic materials such as food packaging wraps, surgical drapes, face masks, and other film materials. Methylene blue is an effective antidote for most patients with methemoglobinemia. It has since been used in many applications, from an antidepressant, to a cure for cyanide poisoning, to a titration indicator in a laboratory. methylene blue is eliminated intact in the urine within the first 4 hours. Methylene blue is a medication used in the management and treatment of methemoglobinemia, a condition in which hemoglobin decreases its ability to carry oxygen. [4] As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia. This paper presents evidence that aniline (the toxin) and methylene blue (the therapy) are in fact remarkably similar and additive in some of their effects on erythrocytes. J. Hanzlik1 has reviewed the evidence that this substance is an antidote to cyanide. Though an initial drop in pulse oximeter reading (due to the blue color of the antidote) is expected, cyanosis and methemoglobinemia should improve over the following hour. It was originally used as a dye for cotton straining, and is still used as a dye in laboratory settings. Methylene Blue Injection contains water for injections, Sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid may be used for pH adjustment. Both potassium cyanide and carbon monoxide poisoning have been treated using methylene blue as an antidote. Methylene Blue is considered a redox agent. As he points out, the. [ R] Acetylcysteine: supplies the precursor amino acids for glutathione, which serves as biologic antioxidant against acetaminophen toxicity. It was first used for cyanide poisoning during the 1930s and was employed during the mid-20th century to treat carbon monoxide exposure. Methylene blue is a commonly used stain that helps us see microscopic life in brilliant color. Develop a best practice administration and post trea tment guide for the veterinar ian only methylene blue antidote. Isosulfan blue: usual dose is 0.5 mL subcutaneously into 3 interdigital spaces of each extremity per study (maximum 3 mL). Methylene blue is the primary emergency treatment for documented symptomatic methemoglobinemia. MB is a basic dye, yielding a blue solution. At room temperature it appears as a solid, odorless, dark green powder, that yields a blue solution when dissolved in water. Methylene blue was first isolated in 1876. Methylene blue should not be confused . Methylene Blue (MB) was first formulated in 1876 and it was the first synthetic drug to be used in humans. Assessment and testing of a 2nd generation glovebox blue healer antidote containing methylene blue that is useable by veterinarians and dog owners who are remote from veterinary care. This is a condition in which the blood loses its ability to carry oxygen through the body. Methylene blue was reported to have been administered as an antidote in the USA 149 times in 2013 (116 in patients over 20 years old) by US poison centers [2]. 0.4 mmol/l. 3H2O, consisting of dark green crystals that form a deep blue solution when dissolved in water. The case presented demonstrates the success of methylene blue as a treatment modality for CCB overdose resulting in ARDS and recalcitrant hypotension. Methylene blue can reduce the half life of methemoglobin from hours to minutes. This antidote may be found by the trade name Urolene Blue or by the generic name methylene blue. Acquired Methemoglobinemia: Methylene blue injection 0.5% [Provayblue (TM)]: 1 mg/kg IV over 5 to 30 minutes; if the methemoglobin level remains greater than 30% or if symptoms persist, a repeat dose of 1 mg/kg IV . Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Methylene Blue has multiple uses and is used for more than 100years since being invented by German Scientist. methylene blue (1-2mg/kg over 5 minutes) provides an artificial electron acceptor to facilitate the reduction of MetHb via the NADPH-dependent pathway; give if: — symptomatic — consider if asymptomatic with >20% MetHb, or >10% if risk factors such as anaemia or ischemic heart disease; repeat methylene blue at 30-60 min if inadequate response [2] It has previously been used for cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections, but this use is no . Methylene Blue Methemoglobinemia 1000 mg Naloxone Opioids 40 mg Octreotide (Sandostatin®) Sulfonylureas 1000 mcg Physostigmine Anticholinergics 20 mg Phytonadione (Vitamin K 1) Warfarin, anticoagulant rodenticides Oral: 100 mg IV: 100 mg Pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam®) Organophosphate insecticides, nerve gases 18 grams Brooks, M. M. Methylene blue as antidote for cyanide and carbon monoxide poisoning. Methylene blue is to be given only by or under the supervision of a doctor. Methylene blue was first isolated in 1876. A complete description of Methylene blue benefits, dosage form, Indications included Smoke, Methaemoglobinaemia, dose, administration, precautions, contraind. Methylene blue (NADPH-dependent reduction to . In the human body, hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein including a ferrous atom. Home Toxicology Library Antidote Methylene Blue is the treatment of choice for symptomatic drug-induced methaemoglobinaemia (signs of hypoxia with chest pain, dyspnoea or confusion) or consider in asymptomatic patients with methaemoglobin (MetHb) levels >20%. Answer: Maybe not as completely crazy as it sounds. Look no further than the wonder-drug methylene blue - a medicinal blue dye that acts as an antidote for chemical poisoning and overdose. Methylene Blue acts by reacting within RBC to form leukomethylene blue, which is a reducing agent of oxidized hemoglobin converting the ferric ion (fe+++) back to its oxygen carrying ferrous state(fe++).17 Dose commonly used is 1-2mg/kg of 1% Methylene Blue solution.17,18 METHYLENE BLUE AND CANCER The reagents may be used in a variety of ways to suit the convenience of the laboratory. Methylene Blue is an aquarium-safe disinfectant and can also be used for . This paper (1) presents and discusses the neurological symptoms and lesions observed in various animals models and in humans following an acute exposure to sub-lethal or lethal levels of H 2 S, (2) reviews the potential interest of methylene blue (MB), a potent cyclic redox dye - currently used for the treatment of methemoglobinemia - which . Methylene blue as an antidote against hydrogen sulfide intoxication Haouzi, Philippe A. Dosing is 1-2 mg/kg of methylene blue administered intravenously over 5 minutes. Methylene blue, also known as methylthioninium chloride, is a medication and dye. In this case study, a single administration of methylene blue resolved significant amyl nitrate intoxication and critical methemoglobinemia. Poison control centers must be contacted immediately for advice. This condition occurs when the blood cannot deliver oxygen where it is needed in the body. For severe methemoglobinemia, or when the patient responds poorly to methylene blue therapy, alternate treatment options include exchange transfusion and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Hanzlik, it has been mentioned that Methylene Blue's efficacy in treatment for cyaninde poisoining was first demonstrated in 1926 and significantly established in 1930. All reports with methylene blue that provided information on the route of administration involved intravenous administration in the dose range of 1 mg/kg to 8 mg/kg. Many studies suggest that the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) pathway plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of distributive . Methylene blue (methylthionine chloride U. S. P.) has recently been much in the lay press, not only as an antidote for cyanide, which it is, but also for carbon monoxide, which it is not.P. MB increases mitochondrial complex IV by 30%, enhances cellular oxygen consumption by 37-70%, increases heme synthesis, and reverses premature senescence caused by H 2 O 2 or cadmium. Methylene blue is a relatively old antidote, first used to treat aniline-induced methemoglobinemia in 1933. With only a few adverse side effects (including green-tinged discoloration of urine, saliva, tears, and bodily fluids), methylene blue should be further explored and implemented in the treatment . Therapeutic Class: Antidote Uses for methylene blue Methylene blue injection is used to treat a condition called methemoglobinemia. Methylene blue definition, a dark-green, crystalline compound, C16H18ClN3S, that dissolves in water to form a deep-blue solution: used chiefly as a dye, as a bacteriological and biological stain, and as an antidote for cyanide poisoning. Methylene blue (MB) is an effective antidote for methemoglobinemia. It's inexpensive, easily obtainable, remarkably safe, and it . See more. Researchers at University of Maryland published on 12/10/2015 regarding methylene blue: Safe, Inexpensive Chemical Found to Reverse Symptoms of Progeria in Human Cells You could look at participating in future trials -- or correspond with rese. Available data from case reports indicate that methylene blue is an option in the treatment of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, especially in patients with severe symptoms of toxicity. Methylene blue is reduced via methemoglobin reductase and nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to leukomethylene blue, which in turn reduces methemoglobin. 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